Era of Good Feelings?

Era of Good Feelings? Consider the years, 1815-1825 (Monroe) as well as nationalism and sectionalism

Sectionalism (rainy day)
Tariff of 1816- higher and first protective tax to aid industries in the North, hurt southerners

Tallmadge Amendment-defeated bill called for gradual emancipation of slavery in Missouri, began slavery debate

Missouri Compromise- growing problems with the expansion of slavery in territories, slavery will eventually divide the nation

Slave Revolts- Denmark Vessey, called for local action to invoke stronger slave codes in the South

Election of 1820 & 1824
1820- one-party system following death of Federalist Party (Hartford Convention in 1816)
1824- Electoral vote divided between 4 regional candidates with Quincy Adams winning after the “corrupt bargain” with Henry Clay, rise of Whig Party
Political and sectional differences became more intense
Calhoun moves from nationalist to states’ rights supporter

Panic of 1819
Each section hurt by depression but more severe in the West due to the tightening of credit by the Second Bank of the US, South and West (advocated easy credit) blamed Bank and the eastern establishment for the Panic

Westward Movement (beginnings of Manifest Destiny)
With migration westward, inevitable clash between the rural areas of the South and West with the urban areas of the East as well as slavery in the newly acquired territories

King Cotton
Eli Whitney’s cotton gin and cheap, available lands in the West makes the South more dependent on slave labor, growth of the factory system and corporations as well as interchangeable parts in the Northeast (Slater, Lowell system, textile mills, unions)

Immigration
Old Immigrants (Irish and Germans) move to the NE and Midwest

American Colonization Society-move slaves back to Africa

Nationalism (sunny day)
War of 1812
US gained respect for other nations after surviving two wars with Britain
Became more economically self-sufficient
Evokes feelings of patriotism, national celebrations and use of the flag
US entering era of unlimited prosperity

Monroe Doctrine
Strong interventionist foreign policy again Britain who sought to recolonize the Central and South America

Literature
James Fenimore Cooper & Washington Irving (American writers/American themes)
Artists
Patriotic themes in painting of Gilbert Stuart, Charles Wilson Peale, John Trumball and school books (Webster’s dictionary)

Clay’s American System (cooperation of Federalist program by Democrats)
1. protective tariffs (helps East)
2. national bank (aid to all sections)
3. internal improvements (helps South & West), vetoed due to constitutional concerns

Marshall’s Supreme Court
Gave more power to the national government from the states as well as the Supreme Court (Marbury v. Madison)
McCulloch v. Maryland, Fletcher v. Peck, Gibbons v. Ogden, Dartmouth College v. Woodward

Transportation
Turnpikes, canals (linked east & west), steamships, railroads
Link nation and facilitate movement of goods and people
Led to Market Revolution and National Economy

One-Party System
Monroe wins all but one electoral vote in Election of 1820

Florida
Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 cedes Florida to the US from Spain

Barbary Pirates-finally defeated, created euphoria